Esmail Shirdel HavarJournal of Sexual Health Psychology2821-15101220220901Discrimination and psychopathology in gender dysphoria: a hormone therapy303825215710.52547/jshp.1.2.30ENEsmail Shirdel HavarCounseling Center of Expertise on Sexual Disorders of Pooyan, Gorgan, Iran0000-0002-9525-1640Gijsbert StoetDepartment of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom0000-0002-7557-483XJournal Article20220222<strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Purpose</span></em>: </strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">One of the strategies for treating gender dysphoria is cross-sex hormone therapy (CHT). Our study aimed to explore the differences in the psychopathology of people with gender dysphoria who received the hormone with those who did not this treatment. We also wanted to explore discrimination and rejection among people with gender dysphoria.</span><br /><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"><br /><strong><em>Methods</em></strong></span><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333; font-size: 1.3em; font-family: system-ui; sans-serif; line-height: 1.8;"> We administered a demographic questionnaire and the structured clinical interview for DSM Axis I disorders (SCID_I) to all participants. Our study sample consisted of 41 people with gender dysphoria (20 MtF and 21 FtM), of whom 21 received Cross-sex hormone therapy (CHT) and 20 did not.</span><br /><br /><strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Results</span></em></strong><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"> Results indicated that they were on CHT had lower psychological problems than those who did not receive hormone therapy. CHT was influenced by gender dysphoria’s psychological health. On the other hand, gender dysphoria that doesn’t receive CHT, had further depression, anxiety, obsession-compulsion, and in general Axis-I disorders. We also found that male-to-female people with gender dysphoria were more likely to suffer from discrimination and rejection.</span><br /><br /><strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Conclusions</span></em></strong><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333; font-size: 1.3em; font-family: system-ui; sans-serif; line-height: 1.8;"> We concluded that CHT could affect the mental health of people with gender dysphoria. Our knowledge of the role of discrimination, ridicule and rejection on the psychological pathology of people with gender dysphoria can help specialists to find the best treatment for these people.</span>https://www.journalshp.com/article_252157_e9211d3f3283804ba60b0682ebfd043b.pdfEsmail Shirdel HavarJournal of Sexual Health Psychology2821-15101220220901Evaluation of sexual behaviors of married couples during the coronavirus pandemic in 2019-2020394625230510.52547/jshp.1.2.39ENAli SahraianResearch Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0001-9691-7363Vala RezaeeShiraz Trauma Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranParisa RahmanianResearch Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranFatemeh JavanmardiMicrobiology Department, Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranCamellia HemyariResearch Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0003-2304-2492Journal Article20220228<strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Purpose</span></em></strong><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"> Due to the Corona virus pandemic in 2019, all around the world people had to spend a long time in quarantine. The effect of this life style on the sexual behaviors of couples is an important issue that needs further investigation. The present study mainly aimed to investigate the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on the sexual behaviors of married couples.</span><br /><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"><br /><strong><em>Methods</em></strong></span><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333; font-size: 1.3em; font-family: system-ui; sans-serif; line-height: 1.8;"> In total, 740 participants completed questionnaires through different online social platforms. The participants were married men and women over 18 years old. The required data were obtained from the sexual behaviors of couple’s questionnaire (Iranian version), Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale, and demographic variables questionnaire.</span><br /><br /><strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Results</span></em></strong><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"> Data analysis revealed that 56.1% and 49.7% of the participants experienced no changes in their sexual and desire sexual frequency, respectively. According to multiple regression analysis, it was found that satisfaction with the partner, satisfaction with marriage, economic status, emotional relationship, tobacco use, psychiatric disorders have significant relationships with sexual frequency in couples.</span><br /><br /><strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Conclusions</span></em></strong><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333; font-size: 1.3em; font-family: system-ui; sans-serif; line-height: 1.8;"> According to the results, it can be concluded that there were no significant differences in sexual desire, frequency, pleasure and request in married couples during the COVID-19 outbreak.</span>https://www.journalshp.com/article_252305_4ed98462823c136c1e29552e36ada512.pdfEsmail Shirdel HavarJournal of Sexual Health Psychology2821-15101220220901The relationship between openness to experience and intelligence with sexual desire; The moderating role of weight and age475425323310.52547/jshp.1.2.47ENMarzieh BarazandehDepartment of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranMohammad Ali BesharatDepartment of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran0000-0003-2571-2920Ali MoghadamzadehDepartment of Psychology, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranJournal Article20220330<strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Purpose</span></em></strong><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"> Sexual desire (SD) refers to individual differences in the internal force which determines sexual functions. This study investigated the relationship between openness to experience and intelligence with SD. The role of weight and age in moderating the relation between openness and intelligence with SD was also examined.</span><br /><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"><br /><strong><em>Methods</em></strong></span><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333; font-size: 1.3em; font-family: system-ui; sans-serif; line-height: 1.8;"> A total of 168 participants were collected using grab sampling from 3 universities in Tehran, Iran (n=168; age range: 18 to 35; Mean = 23; Standard Deviation = 3.58). All participants completed measures of intelligence (Raven's Progressive Matrices), Openness to experience (measured through the NEO), and sexual desire (Hurlbert Index of SD).</span><br /><br /><strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Results</span></em></strong><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"> The data of the study were analyzed by using Pearson's correlation coefficient and regression. The results found no significant relationship between openness to experience and intelligence with SD. Moreover, sex and weight did not moderate the relationship between openness and intelligence with SD. Findings from the current study provide empirical support for the consistent link between intelligence and SD at older ages. There is also a curvilinear relationship between weight and SD.</span><br /><br /><strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Conclusions</span></em></strong><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333; font-size: 1.3em; font-family: system-ui; sans-serif; line-height: 1.8;"> These findings suggest that intelligence or openness would not have an influence on SD, and only age plays a role in moderating the association between intelligence and SD.</span>https://www.journalshp.com/article_253233_212c9163ff4ccfae0e84019ca2d9fe0b.pdfEsmail Shirdel HavarJournal of Sexual Health Psychology2821-15101220220901Sexual self-concept and sexual awareness in divorce, infidelity and control group556425506010.52547/jshp.1.2.55ENAzam KaboosiCounseling Center of Expertise on Children and Adolescence of Iran, Gorgan, IranMohammad Ahmadi Deh GhotbaddiniDepartment of Psychology and Education, Anar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Anar, IranRamazan HassanzadehDepartment of Psychology, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran0000-0002-4746-9362Parvaneh MohammadkhaniDepartment of University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IranMohammad MoshkaniDepartment of Psychology and Education, The Islamic Azad University, Gorgan Branch, Golestan, IranJournal Article20210827<strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Purpose</span></em>: </strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"> The aim of this study was to compare sexual self-concept and sexual awareness among divorced, infidelity, and normal women.</span><br /><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"><br /><strong><em>Methods</em></strong></span><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333; font-size: 1.3em; font-family: system-ui; sans-serif; line-height: 1.8;"> The method of this study was causal-comparative, which was conducted to compare sexual self-concept and sexual awareness among three groups of women. The statistical population was all the women who were referred to Pooyan Sexual Disorders Clinic between 2016 and 2017. 55 divorced women, 42 unfaithful women, and 50 normal women were selected from volunteers as a sample. They responded to the sexual self-concept questionnaires of Fisher, Davis, and Yarber (2013) and sexual awareness of Snell, Fisher, and Miller (1991) in accordance with ethical principles.</span><br /><br /><strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Results</span></em></strong><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"> The findings showed that the mean age and the mean years of marital life of women who cheated before were higher than that of divorced women and control group (p<0.05). Moreover, these women had seen more pornography before marriage than divorced women and control group, and also had more masturbation (p<0.05). Results showed that sexual anxiety, sexual self-efficacy, sexual consciousness, avoidance of risky sex, chance sexual control, sexual preoccupation, sexual optimism, sexual self-esteem, sexual satisfaction, power-other sexual control, sexual self-schemata, fear of sex, sexual depression, and internal-sexual-control among the three groups had significant differences (p<0.05). However, sexual assertiveness, sexual problem self-blame, sexual motivation, and sexual problem management were not significantly different among the three groups.</span><br /><br /><strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Conclusions</span></em></strong><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333; font-size: 1.3em; font-family: system-ui; sans-serif; line-height: 1.8;"> With the increase in life expectancy, the frequency of sexual activity decreases, possibly due to reduced sexual attractiveness by partner, age, occupation, and child care.</span>https://www.journalshp.com/article_255060_2d4f959821ffe851acb1d84bc4ba44df.pdfEsmail Shirdel HavarJournal of Sexual Health Psychology2821-15101220221212Why Iranian women undergo aesthetic genital surgeries? A qualitative study657669974510.52547/jshp.1.2.65ENFiroozeh RaisiDepartment of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran
University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranSalehe AbbasiyanDepartment of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran
University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranFatemeh MafiDepartment of Curriculum, Pedagogy and Assessment, University College
London (UCL) Institute of Education, London, United KingdomReihaneh Firoozi KhojastefarDepartment of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, School of
Medicine, Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranFattaneh Abdi MasoulehDepartment of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, School of Medicine,
Tehran University Of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAli Reza Balizadeh KaramiAbadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.Journal Article20220828<strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Purpose</span></em>: </strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"> In recent years the prevalence of cosmetic genital surgery in women has increased. This qualitative study has attempted to explore the rationale behind the decision of undergoing aesthetic genital surgeries in a sample of seven married women who had undergone such surgeries in Iran (Tehran).</span><br /><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"><br /><strong><em>Methods</em></strong></span><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333; font-size: 1.3em; font-family: system-ui; sans-serif; line-height: 1.8;">Seven in-depth semi-structured narrative interviews were conducted, and the results were analyzed via thematic analysis techniques.</span><br /><br /><strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Results</span></em></strong><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;"> Three main themes emerged, namely, 'individual problems', 'Couple relationships', and 'Physician-Patient Relationships'. Six sub-themes that were commonly repeated were mental health issues, inadequate sexuality education, imbalanced couple dynamics, communication difficulties, simultaneous surgical intervention in the peri-genital region, and imbalanced power relations.</span><br /><br /><strong><em><span style="color: #333333; font-family: system-ui; font-size: 1.3em;">Conclusions</span></em></strong><strong>: </strong><span style="color: #333; font-size: 1.3em; font-family: system-ui; sans-serif; line-height: 1.8;"> It seems that an interplay of different personal and interpersonal issues, facilitates women's decision-making process and propels women in choosing genital aesthetic surgeries. Thus, women are advised to consult with a psychosexual therapist, a clinical psychologist, or a psychiatrist before making any decision about undergoing cosmetic surgery.</span>https://www.journalshp.com/article_699745_b35180faedc3fa4be6a09aca273b6f9d.pdf